What is Lymphoma?

Lymphoma is a cancer that affects the lymphatic system, white blood cells, and the immune system. It usually presents as swollen glands (lymph nodes). This is usually painless and develops over time but may develop rapidly.

Lymphomas are classified as either Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma tends to develop in an orderly, progressing via nearby lymph nodes. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma tends to have “disorderly” growth of lymph nodes and, at times, may involve other organs outside the lymphatic system, like the liver and skin.

Diagnosis is usually made on a biopsy of an enlarged lymph node.

SYMPTOMS

Swollen glands (lymph nodes)

Drenching night sweats

Fever

Weight loss

CAUSES

Weakened immune system, e.g., HIV, medications that suppress the immune system

Other infections like Epstein Barr Virus

Exposure to radiation

Genetic mutations

TREATMENT

Treatment includes chemotherapy, radiation, or a combination of both. Depending on the type of lymphoma, treatment can be in a hospital or outpatient. Hodgkin Lymphoma is relatively easier to treat than non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.